Best Business Practices

When you start a business, there are endless decisions to make. Among the most important is how to structure your business. Why is it so significant? Because the structure you choose will affect how your business is taxed and the degree to which you (and other owners) can be held personally liable. Here’s an overview of the various structures.

Sole Proprietorship

This is a popular structure for single-owner businesses. No separate business entity is formed, although the business may have a name (often referred to as a DBA, short for “doing business as”). A sole proprietorship does not limit liability, but insurance may be purchased.

You report your business income and expenses on Schedule C, an attachment to your personal income tax return (Form 1040). Net earnings the business generates are subject to both self-employment taxes and income taxes. Sole proprietors may have employees but don’t take paychecks themselves.

Limited Liability Company

If you want protection for your personal assets in the event your business is sued, you might prefer a limited liability company (LLC). An LLC is a separate legal entity that can have one or more owners (called “members”). Usually, income is taxed to the owners individually, and earnings are subject to self-employment taxes.

Note: It’s not unusual for lenders to require a small LLC’s owners to personally guarantee any business loans.

Corporation

A corporation is a separate legal entity that can transact business in its own name and files corporate income tax returns. Like an LLC, a corporation can have one or more owners (shareholders). Shareholders generally are protected from personal liability but can be held responsible for repaying any business debts they’ve personally guaranteed.

If you make a “Subchapter S” election, shareholders will be taxed individually on their share of corporate income. This structure generally avoids federal income taxes at the corporate level.

Partnership

In certain respects, a partnership is similar to an LLC or an S corporation. However, partnerships must have at least one general partner who is personally liable for the partnership’s debts and obligations. Profits and losses are divided among the partners and taxed to them individually.

Call Newton Sankey & Co. today at 631-474-2500. We’ll set up a free consultation to discuss your new venture and how we can assist with our new business advisor and incorporation experience.

Incorporating your small business the right way can bring tax benefits and protect your personal assets. Read on to learn more about what incorporation is, why you might want to incorporate, and how an accountant can help you navigate the questions that come with selecting the right business structure.

What is Incorporation?

When discussing “incorporation” in terms of a business, the term denotes how the business is organized or structured.

Regardless of the structure you choose for your business, incorporation is a legal process that brings your business into existence. The following are business structures commonly used in a small business.

Sole proprietorship

If you conduct business as an individual and do not register as any other type of business, you are a sole proprietor. With this business structure, your personal and business assets and liabilities are not separate. Sole proprietorships are relatively simple structures and a good choice for low-risk businesses or entrepreneurs testing a business idea. However, this business structure does not offer liability protection, so the owner is personally responsible for business debts and obligations. Another drawback is that it can be more challenging to get bank financing and business credit with this structure.

Partnership

When two or more individuals own a business together, the simplest structure is the partnership. There are limited partnerships (LP) and limited liability partnerships (LLP). LPs consist of a general partner with unlimited liability; the remaining partners have limited liability and limited control in the business. The partner without limited liability pays self-employment taxes. In LLPs, every owner has limited liability, protecting them from business debts and the actions of the other partners.

Partnerships can be a good choice for multiple-owned businesses and professional groups like physicians, attorneys, and veterinarians.

C-corp

Sometimes called a C-corp, a corporation is a separate legal entity from the business owner(s). The benefit of a corporation is that they offer the most robust protection for owners from personal liability; however, it costs more to form a corporation than it does to establish other business structures, and business profits are taxed at the personal and corporate level. Further, the record-keeping, operations, and reporting are more involved for a corporation. This structure is usually best for higher-risk businesses or those that raise money or plan to become publicly traded in the stock market.

S-corp

An S-corporation, or S-corp, is designed to avoid the double-taxation of a C-corp. This avoidance is possible because, in an S-corp, profits and some losses go through the owner’s personal income to avoid corporate taxes. S-corps are taxed differently in different states, so it is essential to have your accountant help you understand the guidelines and laws in your state.

LLC

A limited liability company (LLC) has the benefits of a corporation and a partnership. The owner is protected from personal liability in situations like bankruptcy or lawsuits and can avoid corporate taxes because profits and losses can pass through their personal income. However, there are self-employment taxes and Medicare and Social Security contributions since LLC members are considered self-employed.

An LLC is an option for owners with significant assets that need protection and who want the benefit of a lower tax rate than a corporation pays.

How to Incorporate

When you’re ready to incorporate your business, consult your trusted CPA or accountant so that you have a full view of what incorporating will mean for you and your business initially and for years to come.

Call Newton Sankey & Co. today at 631-474-2500. We’ll set up a free consultation to discuss your new venture and how we can assist with our new business advisor and incorporation experience.

Paying employees seems easy enough. Their hours are logged, and you sign the checks; however, there’s more to payroll than that, and overlooking these critical aspects of paying your employees can have costly consequences. Here are five common payroll errors small business owners make and how to prevent them.

1. Not Paying Taxes Year-Round

Not paying taxes year-round is especially critical for new business owners because most of us are used to paying taxes by the April 15th deadline each year. But remember, that is for individual taxpayers, not business owners. Business taxes are usually paid year-round quarterly. The IRS has a business tax payment schedule, and so does each state. Your tax payment frequency depends on payroll frequency, so be sure to check with your accountant to determine when and how much tax you need to pay on a federal and state level.

2. Misclassifying Employees

If you have employees and freelance contractors working for your small business, be sure to classify them correctly. When it comes to payroll, it can be costly if you don’t. For example, if you misclassify an employee as an independent contractor, you may underpay payroll tax and have to pay retroactive payroll taxes on that employee down the road. Remember, to classify a worker as an independent contractor they must be in business for themselves. If they are not, chances are they must be classified as an employee if they work for you. According to the IRS, an individual is an independent contractor if the payer has the right to control or direct only the work result, not what will be done or how it will be done. A person is not an independent contractor if they perform services controlled by an employer (i.e., what will be done and how it will be done). Even if the worker has freedom of action if the employer can legally control how the services are performed, that worker is an employee.

3. Not Considering Payroll Schedule

How often your employees are paid impacts your bottom line and your employees. Whether you pay employees weekly, every other week, or monthly, it is essential to know how your payroll schedule affects your cash flow. You should consider payroll processing fees, administrative costs associated with payroll, and employee needs. For example, weekly payroll is most costly for employers due to preparation frequency. Monthly payroll is less expensive for employers but the least preferred by workers. Each payroll schedule has its pros and cons, so it is a good idea to determine a payroll schedule that works for your business as well as your employees.

4. Keeping Up with Paperwork

For payroll, employers are legally required to maintain specific paperwork. For example, I-9 forms to verify that all employees are legally eligible to work in the United States, a W-4 form to determine each employee’s tax withholdings. Some states require new-hire reporting. Many documents such as new-hire paperwork can be filed directly by your payroll preparation company but be sure to ask and be up-to-date on your state’s laws regarding the paperwork that must be kept on file for employees.

5. Forgetting Bank Holidays

Remember, bank holidays – business days when banks are closed – are not considered business days when it comes to payroll processing, so you need to account for these. On bank holidays, direct deposits are not made. This isn’t always a concern; however, if your payroll schedule falls on a bank holiday, it could cause your employees some aggravation. To avoid these issues, check the bank holidays for the year and plan accordingly in advance.

---

Remember to consult your trusted accountant or CPA for more on these payroll errors and others. Laws and regulations are ever-changing, so it pays to stay abreast of those to avoid potentially costly payroll errors for your small business.

Request a free consultation through our website now and we’ll contact you set up an appointment.

Running a small business isn’t easy. You probably wouldn’t have it any other way. The ability to survive and thrive is a source of great pride for small business owners. So when a competitor moves in — especially a big one — it can feel like battle lines have been drawn.

Sharpen Your Edge

Before you do anything, accept the fact that you can’t compete on the same level as a large national chain. But that doesn’t mean you can’t win the battle. Study what the competition does and how they do it. Then use that information to define — and sharpen — your company’s competitive edge.

A large competitor will almost certainly have lower prices and a deeper inventory. But you can connect with customers in ways the competition can’t. You can add value to every customer interaction by being attentive and providing expertise and personalized service.

Perhaps your biggest edge is your size. Being small means you can respond to market trends and customer requests more quickly. You can also change and adapt policies and procedures faster.

Rally the Troops

You have another big advantage; you have an established customer base and you know what they need. Establish a timeline to reach out to your customers directly via snail mail or e-mail (or both) with special offers. If you have a loyalty program, consider doubling rewards for a period of time that overlaps with the competition’s opening.

Look for Advantages

Having a big competitor move in may have some unexpected benefits. The new company validates the need for what your business offers and may do a fair amount of advertising. If your marketing budget allows, this could be a good time to do some strategic advertising of your own.

The competition also may create some unexpected opportunities in the future. The new company will change the dynamics of the marketplace, which may lead you to steer your business in a new direction.

Don’t get left behind. Contact us today to discover how we can help you keep your business on the right track. Don’t wait, give us a call today.

How can your company attract and retain top employees? It’s not always easy, especially for small businesses. Having a streamlined hiring process and ensuring that your salaries and benefits package are comparable to other, similar companies in your area can help make your company an attractive destination for high performers. Here are some pointers to jump-start your thinking.

Simplify the process. Make sure job responsibilities are clearly described when posting your openings. Candidates should be able to easily ascertain if they have the appropriate qualifications for a position. Also, describe any documentation candidates may need to submit with their applications.

Be open and professional. Let candidates know early in the process, preferably in the job posting or during interviews, how much the position pays. Top candidates appreciate candor about such matters. Treat candidates professionally during every stage of the process — it sends a strong signal about your company’s culture.

Evaluate your benefits package. Compensation and benefits are important factors when it comes to attracting and retaining top talent. Salaries should be in line with what other companies in your region pay for specific occupations. Attitudes toward health and retirement benefits can influence employment choices and how committed and engaged employees are after they are hired. Your company will have a leg up on attracting and retaining the employees it needs to succeed and gain a competitive advantage if it can offer the benefit options top performers want.

If you are unsure whether your current benefits package is competitive, please contact your financial professional. An analysis of your current retirement and insurance benefits will help you identify areas that may need to be improved if you are to attract and retain the best employees.

Request a free consultation through our website now and we’ll contact you set up an appointment.

The reach of social media goes beyond sharing family photos. Shoppers are reading product reviews online before deciding what to purchase. And disgruntled customers are sharing their displeasure with anyone who will read their rants.

A New Risk

The benefit of social media to small businesses is considerable. It has leveled the playing field in many ways. But it has also introduced new risks. One of the most critical is that bad reviews or negative comments could ruin your business’s reputation — or worse.

A Proactive Approach

How can you protect your business from online attacks? Here are some suggestions:

Join the conversation. If you’ve been visible on social media, you’ll have more credibility if something erupts. But that’s not the only reason to have a social media presence. Even if your business is never involved in an online dustup, social media offers an opportunity to market and promote your business and engage with your customers. Smartphones and tablets have made it even easier for people to go online.

Pay attention. Monitor the Internet for news about your brand. Routinely check online review sites (if appropriate) and social networking sites for references to your company, and run your company’s name through a search engine.

Be prepared. You can’t draft specific responses ahead of time, but you can identify your vulnerabilities and draft a response strategy. You’ll be well ahead of the game if you do this before a crisis hits rather than during one. You’ll also be able to dial down your emotions and respond more objectively. There’s another upside to identifying your vulnerabilities ahead of time: You have an opportunity to eliminate them.

Respond. Make sure you have the facts straight before you do anything. However, things can escalate rapidly online. So if you’re going to respond, do so quickly and publicly. That said, not every attack warrants a public response. The complaint may not be legitimate or the person complaining may be a troublemaker, in which case responding may be a waste of time.

Half Full

Any time your business is under attack — online or off — try looking at it as an opportunity to change some minds and bolster your reputation.

Request a free consultation through our website now and we’ll contact you set up an appointment.